RF signals historically are measured using spectrum analyzers, at least that was before oscilloscopes offered sufficient bandwidth for those measurements. With oscilloscope bandwidths over 100 GHz, RF ...

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

Tests show signal is compatible both with current NextGen demodulation devices and analog FM tuners When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it ...

To allow for coherent demodulation at the user equipment, reference symbols (or pilot symbols) are inserted in the OFDM time-frequency grid to allow for channel estimation. Downlink reference symbols ...

If you want to extract a signal from a huge amount of noise, a lock-in amplifier is the ideal tool. But when it comes to buying one, doing your homework first can avoid a costly mistake, advises ...