But what would be considered as “ground truth” on a planet where the ground is not visible by the cameras? On Venus, geometry ...

Venus has a rich and complicated atmosphere – the densest of all the rocky planets – which is the key to understanding the planet itself. Venus Express, designed to perform an extensive investigation ...

Despite its similarities to Earth (sometimes called Earth’s evil twin), there’s still a lot we don’t know about Venus. A thick atmosphere crackles with lightning and swirls with acid rain, obscuring ...

The VASI (Venus Atmospheric Structure Investigation) instrument aboard NASA’s Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry, and Imaging, or DAVINCI, mission to Venus, together with ...

DAVINCI will send a meter-diameter probe to brave the high temperatures and pressures near Venus’ surface to explore the atmosphere from above the clouds to near the surface of a terrain that may have ...