Algebraic structures underpin diverse areas of mathematics, offering a framework to systematically examine symmetry, operations, and invariance through entities such as groups, rings, and algebras.

Algebraic structures and state theory represent a confluence of abstract algebra and logic, where the former provides a rigorous framework for describing systems such as BL-algebras, residuated ...

PNAS is the world's most-cited multidisciplinary scientific serial. It publishes high-impact research reports, commentaries, perspectives, reviews, colloquium papers, and actions of the Academy. In ...

How can the behavior of elementary particles and the structure of the entire universe be described using the same mathematical concepts? This question is at the heart of recent work by the ...