We know that ionization potential or the first ionization potential is the energy required to remove the outermost electron from a neutral gaseous atom of an element. Similarly second and third or …

OK, we need to understand a bit of quantum theory and the standard model. The universe is best understood by reducing everything to the smallest possible number of entities (the goal of physics.) …

Let n be the number of nickels she has. Using that, she has n nickels, 4n dimes, and 85-5n pennies. Let's define our variable: Let n be the number of nickels she has. According to that, we have: she has …

Undefined, or Zero By definition, anything being divided by zero (when it is in the denominator) is undefined (as it could be any value). There is also the property that zero divided by anything is also …

What is quantum physics? How does quantum mechanics differ from classical mechanics? How do quantum mechanics and general relativity conflict? How did quantum mechanics change the bohr …

A necessary and sufficient condition for f to be convex on an interval is that f ''(x)> 0 for all x in the interval. In this case, f ''(x) = − 40x3 − 24x2. So, f ''(− 2) = − 40(−8) −24(4) <0 f ''(x) is continuous near …

Waves in classical physics have zero momentum. What does the disturbing is as mentioned, just vibrations. This shows that energy is transferred as the vibration spreads throughout the medium. In …

3sqrt(-8)*isqrt(2) = -12 Any non-zero number has two square roots, but when we write sqrt(x) we want it to indicate one of the roots unambiguously, which is called the principal square root. If x > 0 then …

By definition, the amount of work done to bring a charge from infinity to a point,is defined as the potential of that point. So, V= W/Q Now,in this definition,infinity means where potential value is taken to be …

Find derivative of cscx using first principal or definition of derivative? Yesterday, 10 employees in an office were absent. If these absentees constitute 25% of the employees, what is the total number of …